Deg Ɛzuza, deg tɣiwant n Larebɛa n At Yiraten, axxam n Abane Ramdane yuɣal d asalay yerzan yiwen seg wid yesɛan azal meqqren deg usuddes asertan n Tegrawla tazzayrit. Azal n wadeg-a yella ama deg uxxam n twacult, ama deg yisemliyen i d-yettarran abrid n tudert-is deg umezruy n umennuɣ n timunent.
Axxam yettwaṣeggmen
Axxam-a yettwabna deg 1924, yerreẓ deg waṭas n tegnatin, ladɣa deg uḍeggeṛ n lbumbat deg 1958. Mi t-ṣeggmen, ḥerzen talɣa-s tansayt. Aseldi n usalay deg 2010 yemmal-d abeddel seg uxxam icudden ɣer umezruy n twacult ɣer wadeg n usiweḍ n tmusniwin yeldin i medden. Amebni yettwaru deg tkarḍa n tgemmi tadelsant tazzayrit, i d-yettaken daɣen tirza s wallalen imḍanen.
Abrid asertan ara nerr deg tegnit n Tegrawla
Iskanen yerzan Abane d aḥric seg leqdic n usmekti i d-yesselḥay usalay n temnaḍt n Umejhed n Tizi Wezzu. Deg yennayer 2019, asalay-a yebbeṛreḥ-d ɣef uskan ameɣlal deg uxxam n Ɛzuza akked win n Krim Belkacem deg Tiẓra n Ɛisa. Sin n yidgan-a skanen-d iberdan yettemsemmaden: asuddes asertan n umennuɣ, atekki deg umennuɣ s yiserdasen d yiɣtisen i d-yewwin timunent.
Tirza yemgaraden ɣef tin n Tizi Wezzu
Asalay yella deg taddart n Ɛzuza, i semman daɣen Iɛzuzen deg yiɣmisen, mačči deg temdint tagejdant n lwilaya. Tamawt-a tesɛa azal i usuddes n umecwar. Tirza tezmer ad tettwafhem d amlili gar lebni n yixxamen iqbayliyen d usmekti aɣelnaw; isemliyen ilaq ad ten-nwali s wassaɣ-nsen ɣer uxxam, mačči d azrar kan n tewlafin n yimdanen.
Anda yella umkan d telɣut ara ken-iɛiwnen
- Tamdint neɣ tamnaḍt
- Ɛzuzza
Tansa tusdidt n usnubeg mazal tettṛaǧu asentem.
Ulac uṭṭun n tiliɣri usrid yettwasentmen deg teɣbula i nettwali.
Heggit tirza-nwen
Iseɣwan d yiɣbula ttɛawanen i uheyyi n unadi-nwen, maca ur llin ara d ameẓlu n usnubeg neɣ n uḥeṛṛez n tirza i yettwasentmen. Sentmet deg temnaḍt adeg n unekcum d tewtilin n tirza uqbel ad truḥem.
Tiɣbula d uleqqem
ⵜⴰⵇⴱⴰⵢⵍⵉⵜ — ⵜⵉⴼⵉⵏⴰⵖ
ⴰⵅⵅⴰⵎ-ⴰⵙⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⴰⴱⴰⵏⴻ ⵔⴰⵎⴷⴰⵏⴻ
ⴷⴻⴳ ⵄⵣⵓⵣⴰ, ⴷⴻⴳ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵍⴰⵔⴻⴱⵄⴰ ⵏ ⴰⵜ ⵢⵉⵔⴰⵜⴻⵏ, ⴰⵅⵅⴰⵎ ⵏ ⴰⴱⴰⵏⴻ ⵔⴰⵎⴷⴰⵏⴻ ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵙⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵢⴻⵔⵣⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵡⴻⵏ ⵙⴻⴳ ⵡⵉⴷ ⵢⴻⵙⵄⴰⵏ ⴰⵣⴰⵍ ⵎⴻⵇⵇⵔⴻⵏ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⴷⴷⴻⵙ ⴰⵙⴻⵔⵜⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴻⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵣⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵜ. ⴰⵣⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴻⴳ-ⴰ ⵢⴻⵍⵍⴰ ⴰⵎⴰ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵓⵅⵅⴰⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵡⴰⵛⵓⵍⵜ, ⴰⵎⴰ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵢⵉⵙⴻⵎⵍⵉⵢⴻⵏ ⵉ ⴷ-ⵢⴻⵜⵜⴰⵔⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⴻⵔⵜ-ⵉⵙ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵓⵎⴻⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴻⵏⵏⵓⵖ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵓⵏⴻⵏⵜ.
ⴰⵅⵅⴰⵎ ⵢⴻⵜⵜⵡⴰⵚⴻⴳⴳⵎⴻⵏ
ⴰⵅⵅⴰⵎ-ⴰ ⵢⴻⵜⵜⵡⴰⴱⵏⴰ ⴷⴻⴳ 1924, ⵢⴻⵔⵔⴻⵥ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵡⴰⵟⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⴻⴳⵏⴰⵜⵉⵏ, ⵍⴰⴷⵖⴰ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵓⴹⴻⴳⴳⴻⵕ ⵏ ⵍⴱⵓⵎⴱⴰⵜ ⴷⴻⴳ 1958. ⵎⵉ ⵜ-ⵚⴻⴳⴳⵎⴻⵏ, ⵃⴻⵔⵣⴻⵏ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⴰ-ⵙ ⵜⴰⵏⵙⴰⵢⵜ. ⴰⵙⴻⵍⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⴷⴻⴳ 2010 ⵢⴻⵎⵎⴰⵍ-ⴷ ⴰⴱⴻⴷⴷⴻⵍ ⵙⴻⴳ ⵓⵅⵅⴰⵎ ⵉⵛⵓⴷⴷⴻⵏ ⵖⴻⵔ ⵓⵎⴻⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵡⴰⵛⵓⵍⵜ ⵖⴻⵔ ⵡⴰⴷⴻⴳ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵡⴻⴹ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵙⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵢⴻⵍⴷⵉⵏ ⵉ ⵎⴻⴷⴷⴻⵏ. ⴰⵎⴻⴱⵏⵉ ⵢⴻⵜⵜⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵜⴽⴰⵔⴹⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴳⴻⵎⵎⵉ ⵜⴰⴷⴻⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵜ, ⵉ ⴷ-ⵢⴻⵜⵜⴰⴽⴻⵏ ⴷⴰⵖⴻⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵣⴰ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⴰⵍⴻⵏ ⵉⵎⴹⴰⵏⴻⵏ.
ⴰⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⴰⵙⴻⵔⵜⴰⵏ ⴰⵔⴰ ⵏⴻⵔⵔ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵜⴻⴳⵏⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴻⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰ
ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵏⴻⵏ ⵢⴻⵔⵣⴰⵏ ⴰⴱⴰⵏⴻ ⴷ ⴰⵃⵔⵉⵛ ⵙⴻⴳ ⵍⴻⵇⴷⵉⵛ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴻⴽⵜⵉ ⵉ ⴷ-ⵢⴻⵙⵙⴻⵍⵃⴰⵢ ⵓⵙⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⴻⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴻⵊⵀⴻⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵡⴻⵣⵣⵓ. ⴷⴻⴳ ⵢⴻⵏⵏⴰⵢⴻⵔ 2019, ⴰⵙⴰⵍⴰⵢ-ⴰ ⵢⴻⴱⴱⴻⵕⵔⴻⵃ-ⴷ ⵖⴻⴼ ⵓⵙⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴻⵖⵍⴰⵍ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵓⵅⵅⴰⵎ ⵏ ⵄⵣⵓⵣⴰ ⴰⴽⴽⴻⴷ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴽⵔⵉⵎ ⴱⴻⵍⴽⴰⵛⴻⵎ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵜⵉⵥⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵄⵉⵙⴰ. ⵙⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴷⴳⴰⵏ-ⴰ ⵙⴽⴰⵏⴻⵏ-ⴷ ⵉⴱⴻⵔⴷⴰⵏ ⵢⴻⵜⵜⴻⵎⵙⴻⵎⵎⴰⴷⴻⵏ: ⴰⵙⵓⴷⴷⴻⵙ ⴰⵙⴻⵔⵜⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴻⵏⵏⵓⵖ, ⴰⵜⴻⴽⴽⵉ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵓⵎⴻⵏⵏⵓⵖ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⴻⵔⴷⴰⵙⴻⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵖⵜⵉⵙⴻⵏ ⵉ ⴷ-ⵢⴻⵡⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵓⵏⴻⵏⵜ.
ⵜⵉⵔⵣⴰ ⵢⴻⵎⴳⴰⵔⴰⴷⴻⵏ ⵖⴻⴼ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵡⴻⵣⵣⵓ
ⴰⵙⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵢⴻⵍⵍⴰ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵜⴰⴷⴷⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵄⵣⵓⵣⴰ, ⵉ ⵙⴻⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴷⴰⵖⴻⵏ ⵉⵄⵣⵓⵣⴻⵏ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵢⵉⵖⵎⵉⵙⴻⵏ, ⵎⴰⵞⵞⵉ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵜⴻⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⴻⵊⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵡⵉⵍⴰⵢⴰ. ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵡⵜ-ⴰ ⵜⴻⵙⵄⴰ ⴰⵣⴰⵍ ⵉ ⵓⵙⵓⴷⴷⴻⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴻⵛⵡⴰⵔ. ⵜⵉⵔⵣⴰ ⵜⴻⵣⵎⴻⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵡⴰⴼⵀⴻⵎ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵍⵉⵍⵉ ⴳⴰⵔ ⵍⴻⴱⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵅⵅⴰⵎⴻⵏ ⵉⵇⴱⴰⵢⵍⵉⵢⴻⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⴻⴽⵜⵉ ⴰⵖⴻⵍⵏⴰⵡ; ⵉⵙⴻⵎⵍⵉⵢⴻⵏ ⵉⵍⴰⵇ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴻⵏ-ⵏⵡⴰⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ-ⵏⵙⴻⵏ ⵖⴻⵔ ⵓⵅⵅⴰⵎ, ⵎⴰⵞⵞⵉ ⴷ ⴰⵣⵔⴰⵔ ⴽⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴻⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⴷⴰⵏⴻⵏ.
ⴰⵏⴷⴰ ⵢⴻⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵎⴽⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴻⵍⵖⵓⵜ ⴰⵔⴰ ⴽⴻⵏ-ⵉⵄⵉⵡⵏⴻⵏ
- ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏⴻⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ
- ⵄⵣⵓⵣⵣⴰ
ⵜⴰⵏⵙⴰ ⵜⵓⵙⴷⵉⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⴱⴻⴳ ⵎⴰⵣⴰⵍ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵕⴰⴵⵓ ⴰⵙⴻⵏⵜⴻⵎ.
ⵓⵍⴰⵛ ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵖⵔⵉ ⵓⵙⵔⵉⴷ ⵢⴻⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⴻⵏⵜⵎⴻⵏ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵜⴻⵖⴱⵓⵍⴰ ⵉ ⵏⴻⵜⵜⵡⴰⵍⵉ.
ⵀⴻⴳⴳⵉⵜ ⵜⵉⵔⵣⴰ-ⵏⵡⴻⵏ
ⵉⵙⴻⵖⵡⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵖⴱⵓⵍⴰ ⵜⵜⵄⴰⵡⴰⵏⴻⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵀⴻⵢⵢⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴰⴷⵉ-ⵏⵡⴻⵏ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵓⵔ ⵍⵍⵉⵏ ⴰⵔⴰ ⴷ ⴰⵎⴻⵥⵍⵓ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⴱⴻⴳ ⵏⴻⵖ ⵏ ⵓⵃⴻⵕⵕⴻⵣ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵣⴰ ⵉ ⵢⴻⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⴻⵏⵜⵎⴻⵏ. ⵙⴻⵏⵜⵎⴻⵜ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵜⴻⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⴰⴷⴻⴳ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴻⴽⵛⵓⵎ ⴷ ⵜⴻⵡⵜⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵣⴰ ⵓⵇⴱⴻⵍ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵔⵓⵃⴻⵎ.